"Core and buffer zone of the tiger reserve is spread in around 1,325 sq km, while we have only 320 camera traps in working condition. Hence the entire expanse of tiger reserve has been divided into four separate blocks. Camera trap monitoring will be conducted in each block for 20 days. The entire exercise is expected to conclude by April 30," said CCF and field director, TATR, Virendra Tiwari.
He claimed that a grid area of 2.04 km will be covered with a pair of camera trap as per guidelines of Wildlife Institute of India (WII). The exercise is meant to visually identify each tiger and leopard by capturing their pictures with the camera traps. Six researchers of WII are already here to help the TATR in smooth conduction of tiger estimation exercise, he said.
The fourth phase of monitoring helps know mortality, dispersal breeding and other population dynamics of tigers. Similar exercise conducted during summer 2013 had estimated tiger population size of minimum 41 in core area of TATR. The phase IV monitoring was not conducted in buffer zone of reserve in 2013, following intense man-animal conflict situation in the buffer village during the study period. A total population of 65 tigers was estimated in core and buffer area of TATR through a similar exercise in 2012.
Tiwari said that they have successfully accomplished earlier phases of tiger estimation exercise. "Sign encounter rate survey' and the transit line survey were conducted in the tiger reserve between 16 and 23 January this year. These exercises help in monitoring tigers, co-predators, prey and their habitats. It also helps in monitoring number of tigers, change in their population and understanding the factors responsible it and also for better management of tiger habitats," he said.
The field director claimed that teams of foresters walked along the fixed length of game trails in the forest in these phases and collection of scat samples, scrape/rake marks on trunks, pug marks, scent marks etc to assimilate field data for correct estimation of population of tigers, co-predators and prey in the habitat.
Tiwari claimed that the entire data collected during tiger estimation exercise will be handed over to WII. The coveted wildlife institute will process the data and come up with the population density of tigers, co-predators and prey in the area and not the numbers, he stressed.
NUMBERING THE CATS
* Visual identification of tigers and leopards through camera traps, called phase IV tiger monitoring, is being conducted in four stages
* Sign encounter rate survey and the transit line survey were conducted in the tiger reserve between January 16 and 23
* These exercises help in monitoring tigers, co-predators, prey and their habitats
* Teams of foresters walked along the fixed length of game trails and collection of scat samples, scrape/rake marks on trunks, pug marks, scent marks etc to assimilate field data for correct estimation of population
* Data collected during tiger estimation exercise will be handed over to Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
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