Universities of York and Leeds scientists have found that source of the gas - iodine oxide - can be explained by emissions of hypoiodous acid (HOI), along with a contribution from molecular iodine.
Scientists quantified gaseous emissions of inorganic iodine following the reaction of iodide (compound of iodine with another element or group) with ozone in a series of lab experiments and formation of both molecular iodine and HOI, the journal Nature Geoscience reports.
Using lab models, they show that this reaction could account for around 75 percent of observed iodine oxide levels over the tropical Atlantic Ocean, according to a York and Leeds statement.
Lucy Carpenter, professor of chemistry at York said: "Our laboratory and modelling studies show that these gases are produced from the reaction of atmospheric ozone with iodide on the sea surface interfacial layer, at a rate which is highly significant for the chemistry of the marine atmosphere.
John Plane, Carpenter's counterpart at Leeds, said: "This mechanism of iodine release into the atmosphere appears to be particularly important over tropical oceans, where measurements show that there is more iodide in seawater available to react with ozone. The rate of the process also appears to be faster in warmer water."
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